![]() sativum, or softneck garlic, includes artichoke garlic, silverskin garlic, and creole garlic. ![]() It is sometimes considered to be a separate species, Allium ophioscorodon G.Don. ophioscorodon (Link) Döll, called Ophioscorodon or hardneck garlic, includes porcelain garlics, rocambole garlic, and purple stripe garlics. sativum, ten major groups of varieties, and hundreds of varieties, or cultivars. Nubia-Paceco, Provincia di Trapani, Sicily, ItalyĪjo Morado de Las Pedroñeras, a rose/pink garlic Some garlics have protected status in the UK and the EU, including:Īglio Rosso di Nubia (Red Garlic of Nubia) Garlic as a geographical indication Flower head Italian garlic ![]() Single clove garlic (also called pearl or solo garlic) originated in the Yunnan province of China. So-called elephant garlic is actually a wild leek ( Allium ampeloprasum) and not a true garlic. In North America, Allium vineale (known as "wild garlic" or "crow garlic") and Allium canadense (known as "meadow garlic", "wild garlic", or "wild onion") are common weeds in fields. The "wild garlic", "crow garlic", and " field garlic" of Britain are members of the species Allium ursinum, Allium vineale, and Allium oleraceum, respectively. Īllium sativum grows in the wild in areas where it has become naturalized. Other candidates that have been suggested include Allium tuncelianum, Allium macrochaetum, and Allium truncatum, all of which are native to the Middle East. However, because Allium longicuspis is also mostly sterile, it is doubtful that it is the ancestor of Allium sativum. Genetically and morphologically, garlic is most similar to the wild species Allium longicuspis, which grows in central and southwestern Asia. Identification of the wild progenitor of common garlic is difficult due to the sterility of its many cultivars, which limits the ability to cross test with wild relatives. It is pollinated by bees, butterflies, moths, and other insects. If garlic is planted at the proper time and depth, it can be grown as far north as Alaska. Each clove is enclosed in an inner sheathing leaf surrounded by layers of outer sheathing leaves. The cloves close to the center are symmetrical, and those surrounding the center can be asymmetrical. The bulb has a strong odor and is typically made up of 10 to 20 cloves. The plant may produce pink to purple flowers from July to September in the Northern Hemisphere. The leaf blade is flat, linear, solid, and approximately 1.25–2.5 cm (0.5–1.0 in) wide, with an acute apex. It has a tall, erect flowering stem that grows up to 1 m (3 ft). Description Īllium sativum is a perennial flowering plant that grows from a bulb. ![]() The word garlic derives from Old English, garlēac, meaning gar ( spear) and leek, as a 'spear-shaped leek'. China produces 76% of the world's supply of garlic. It was known to ancient Egyptians and has been used as both a food flavoring and a traditional medicine. It is native to South Asia, Central Asia and northeastern Iran and has long been used as a seasoning worldwide, with a history of several thousand years of human consumption and use. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, Welsh onion, and Chinese onion. Garlic ( Allium sativum) is a species of bulbous flowering plant in the genus Allium.
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